go_sysutils/paths/funcs.go

/*
   SysUtils - a library to assist with various system-related functions
   Copyright (C) 2020  Brent Saner

   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

package paths

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io/fs"
	"os"
	"os/user"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	// "syscall"
)

/*
ExpandHome will take a tilde(~)-prefixed path and resolve it to the actual path in-place.
"Nested" user paths (~someuser/somechroot/~someotheruser) are not supported as home directories are expected to be absolute paths.
*/
func ExpandHome(path *string) (err error) {

	var unameSplit []string
	var uname string

	var u *user.User

	// Props to this guy.
	// https://stackoverflow.com/a/43578461/733214
	if len(*path) == 0 {
		err = errors.New("empty path")
		return
	} else if (*path)[0] != '~' {
		return
	}

	// E(ffective)UID (e.g. chown'd user for SUID)
	/*
		uid := strconv.Itoa(syscall.Geteuid())
		u, err := user.LookupId(euid)
	*/
	// (Real)UID (invoking user)
	/*
		if u, err = user.Current(); err != nil {
			return
		}
	*/
	// K but do it smarter.
	unameSplit = strings.SplitN(*path, string(os.PathSeparator), 2)
	if len(unameSplit) != 2 {
		unameSplit = append(unameSplit, "")
	}

	uname = strings.TrimPrefix(unameSplit[0], "~")
	if uname == "" {
		if u, err = user.Current(); err != nil {
			return
		}
	} else {
		if u, err = user.Lookup(uname); err != nil {
			return
		}
	}

	*path = filepath.Join(u.HomeDir, unameSplit[1])

	return
}

/*
	GetFirst is the file equivalent of envs.GetFirst.

	It iterates through paths, normalizing them along the way
	(so abstracted paths such as ~/foo/bar.txt and relative paths
	such as bar/baz.txt will still work), and returns the content
	of the first found existing file. If the first found path
	is a directory, content will be nil but isDir will be true
	(as will ok).

	If no path exists, ok will be false.

	As always, results are not guaranteed due to permissions, etc.
	potentially returning an inaccurate result.

	This is a thin wrapper around GetFirstWithRef.
*/
func GetFirst(paths []string) (content []byte, isDir, ok bool) {

	content, isDir, ok, _ = GetFirstWithRef(paths)

	return
}

/*
	GetFirstWithRef is the file equivalent of envs.GetFirstWithRef.

	It behaves exactly like GetFirst, but with an additional returned value, idx,
	which specifies the index in paths in which a path was found.

	As always, results are not guaranteed due to permissions, etc.
	potentially returning an inaccurate result.
*/
func GetFirstWithRef(paths []string) (content []byte, isDir, ok bool, idx int) {

	var locPaths []string
	var exists bool
	var stat os.FileInfo
	var err error

	idx = -1
	// We have to be a little less cavalier about this.
	if paths == nil {
		return
	}
	locPaths = make([]string, len(paths))
	locPaths = paths[:] // Create an explicit copy so we don't modify paths.
	for i, p := range locPaths {
		if exists, stat, err = RealPathExistsStat(&p); err != nil {
			err = nil
			continue
		}
		if !exists {
			continue
		}
		isDir = stat.IsDir()
		if !isDir {
			if content, err = os.ReadFile(p); err != nil {
				continue
			}
		}
		ok = true
		idx = i
		return
	}

	return
}

/*
MakeDirIfNotExist will create a directory at a given path if it doesn't exist.

See also the documentation for RealPath.

This is a bit more sane option than os.MkdirAll as it will normalize paths a little better.
*/
func MakeDirIfNotExist(path string) (err error) {

	var stat os.FileInfo
	var exists bool
	var locPath string = path

	if exists, stat, err = RealPathExistsStat(&locPath); err != nil {
		if !exists {
			// This, at least as of golang 1.15, uses the user's umask.
			// It does not actually create a dir with 0777.
			// It's up to the caller to do an os.Chmod() on the path after, if desired.
			if err = os.MkdirAll(locPath, 0777); err != nil {
				return
			}
			err = nil
			return
		} else {
			return
		}
	}

	// So it exists, but it probably isn't a dir.
	if !stat.Mode().IsDir() {
		err = errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("path %v exists but is not a directory", locPath))
		return
	} else {
		return
	}

	// This should probably never happen. Probably.
	err = errors.New("undefined")
	return
}

/*
RealPath will transform a given path into the very best guess for an absolute path in-place.

It is recommended to check err (if not nil) for an invalid path error. If this is true, the
path syntax/string itself is not supported on the runtime OS. This can be done via:

	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrInvalid) {...}
*/
func RealPath(path *string) (err error) {

	if err = ExpandHome(path); err != nil {
		return
	}

	if *path, err = filepath.Abs(*path); err != nil {
		return
	}

	return
}

/*
RealPathExists is like RealPath, but will also return a boolean as to whether the path
actually exists or not.

Note that err *may* be os.ErrPermission/fs.ErrPermission, in which case the exists value
cannot be trusted as a permission error occurred when trying to stat the path - if the
calling user/process does not have read permission on e.g. a parent directory, then
exists may be false but the path may actually exist. This condition can be checked via
via:

	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrPermission) {...}

See also the documentation for RealPath.

In those cases, it may be preferable to use RealPathExistsStat and checking stat for nil.
*/
func RealPathExists(path *string) (exists bool, err error) {

	if err = RealPath(path); err != nil {
		return
	}

	if _, err = os.Stat(*path); err != nil {
		if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
			err = nil
		}
		return
	}

	exists = true

	return
}

/*
RealPathExistsStat is like RealPathExists except it will also return the os.FileInfo
for the path (assuming it exists).

If stat is nil, it is highly recommended to check err via the methods suggested
in the documentation for RealPath and RealPathExists.
*/
func RealPathExistsStat(path *string) (exists bool, stat os.FileInfo, err error) {

	if exists, err = RealPathExists(path); err != nil {
		return
	}

	if stat, err = os.Stat(*path); err != nil {
		return
	}

	return
}