add filesystem attr (on linux) support

TODO

@@ -2,12 +2,24 @@
 -- incorporate with https://github.com/tredoe/osutil ?
 -- cli flag to dump flat hashes too
 --- https://github.com/hlandau/passlib
+-- incoprporated separately; https://git.r00t2.io/r00t2/PWGen (import r00t2.io/pwgen)
 
 - unit tests
 
 - constants/vars for errors
 
 - func and struct to return segregated system-level env vars vs. user env vars (mostly usable on windows) (see envs/.TODO.go.UNFINISHED)
+-- https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/howto/Environment_Variables.html
+-- windows:
+--- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/usmt/usmt-recognized-environment-variables
+--- https://pureinfotech.com/list-environment-variables-windows-10/
+--- https://gist.github.com/RebeccaWhit3/5dad8627b8227142e1bea432db3f8824
+--- https://ss64.com/nt/syntax-variables.html
+-- linux/XDG:
+--- https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap08.html
+--- https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
+-- macOS:
+--- https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-env_vars.html
 
 - validator for windows usernames, domains, etc. (for *NIX, https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/435120/284004)
 -- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-server/identity/naming-conventions-for-computer-domain-site-ou

envs/funcs.go

@@ -61,6 +61,59 @@ func GetEnvMapNative() (envMap map[string]interface{}) {
 	return
 }
 
+/*
+	GetFirst gets the first instance if populated/set occurrence of varNames.
+
+	For example, if you have three potential env vars, FOO, FOOBAR, FOOBARBAZ,
+	and want to follow the logic flow of:
+
+		1.) Check if FOO is set. If not,
+		2.) Check if FOOBAR is set. If not,
+		3.) Check if FOOBARBAZ is set.
+
+	Then this would be specified as:
+
+		GetFirst([]string{"FOO", "FOOBAR", "FOOBARBAZ"})
+
+	If val is "" and ok is true, this means that one of the specified variable names IS
+	set but is set to an empty value. If ok is false, none of the specified variables
+	are set.
+
+	It is a thin wrapper around GetFirstWithRef.
+*/
+func GetFirst(varNames []string) (val string, ok bool) {
+
+	val, ok, _ = GetFirstWithRef(varNames)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+	GetFirstWithRef behaves exactly like GetFirst, but with an additional returned value, idx,
+	which specifies the index in varNames in which a set variable was found. e.g. if:
+
+		GetFirstWithRef([]string{"FOO", "FOOBAR", "FOOBAZ"})
+
+	is called and FOO is not set but FOOBAR is, idx will be 1.
+
+	If ok is false, idx will always be -1 and should be ignored.
+*/
+func GetFirstWithRef(varNames []string) (val string, ok bool, idx int) {
+
+	idx = -1
+
+	for i, vn := range varNames {
+		if HasEnv(vn) {
+			ok = true
+			idx = i
+			val = os.Getenv(vn)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
 /*
 	GetPidEnvMap will only work on *NIX-like systems with procfs.
 	It gets the environment variables of a given process' PID.

fsutils/consts.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package fsutils
+
+import (
+	`github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr`
+)
+
+// https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/uapi/linux/fs.h
+const (
+	SecureDelete       uint32 = chattr.FS_SECRM_FL        // Secure deletion
+	UnDelete                  = chattr.FS_UNRM_FL         // Undelete
+	CompressFile              = chattr.FS_COMPR_FL        // Compress file
+	SyncUpdatechattr          = chattr.FS_SYNC_FL         // Synchronous updates
+	Immutable                 = chattr.FS_IMMUTABLE_FL    // Immutable file
+	AppendOnly                = chattr.FS_APPEND_FL       // Writes to file may only append
+	NoDumpFile                = chattr.FS_NODUMP_FL       // Do not dump file
+	NoUpdateAtime             = chattr.FS_NOATIME_FL      // Do not update atime
+	IsDirty                   = chattr.FS_DIRTY_FL        // Nobody knows what this does, lol.
+	CompressedClusters        = chattr.FS_COMPRBLK_FL     // One or more compressed clusters
+	NoCompress                = chattr.FS_NOCOMP_FL       // Don't compress
+	EncFile                   = chattr.FS_ENCRYPT_FL      // Encrypted file
+	BtreeFmt                  = chattr.FS_BTREE_FL        // Btree format dir
+	HashIdxDir                = chattr.FS_INDEX_FL        // Hash-indexed directory
+	AfsDir                    = chattr.FS_IMAGIC_FL       // AFS directory
+	ReservedExt3              = chattr.FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL // Reserved for ext3
+	NoMergeTail               = chattr.FS_NOTAIL_FL       // File tail should not be merged
+	DirSync                   = chattr.FS_DIRSYNC_FL      // dirsync behaviour (directories only)
+	DirTop                    = chattr.FS_TOPDIR_FL       // Top of directory hierarchies
+	ReservedExt4a             = chattr.FS_HUGE_FILE_FL    // Reserved for ext4
+	Extents                   = chattr.FS_EXTENT_FL       // Extents
+	LargeEaInode              = chattr.FS_EA_INODE_FL     // Inode used for large EA
+	ReservedExt4b             = chattr.FS_EOFBLOCKS_FL    // Reserved for ext4
+	NoCOWFile                 = chattr.FS_NOCOW_FL        // Do not cow file
+	ReservedExt4c             = chattr.FS_INLINE_DATA_FL  // Reserved for ext4
+	UseParentProjId           = chattr.FS_PROJINHERIT_FL  // Create with parents projid
+	ReservedExt2              = chattr.FS_RESERVED_FL     // Reserved for ext2 lib
+)
+
+var (
+	// AttrNameValueMap contains a mapping of attribute names (as designated by this package) to their flag values.
+	AttrNameValueMap map[string]uint32 = map[string]uint32{
+		"SecureDelete":       SecureDelete,
+		"UnDelete":           UnDelete,
+		"CompressFile":       CompressFile,
+		"SyncUpdatechattr":   SyncUpdatechattr,
+		"Immutable":          Immutable,
+		"AppendOnly":         AppendOnly,
+		"NoDumpFile":         NoDumpFile,
+		"NoUpdateAtime":      NoUpdateAtime,
+		"IsDirty":            IsDirty,
+		"CompressedClusters": CompressedClusters,
+		"NoCompress":         NoCompress,
+		"EncFile":            EncFile,
+		"BtreeFmt":           BtreeFmt,
+		"HashIdxDir":         HashIdxDir,
+		"AfsDir":             AfsDir,
+		"ReservedExt3":       ReservedExt3,
+		"NoMergeTail":        NoMergeTail,
+		"DirSync":            DirSync,
+		"DirTop":             DirTop,
+		"ReservedExt4a":      ReservedExt4a,
+		"Extents":            Extents,
+		"LargeEaInode":       LargeEaInode,
+		"ReservedExt4b":      ReservedExt4b,
+		"NoCOWFile":          NoCOWFile,
+		"ReservedExt4c":      ReservedExt4c,
+		"UseParentProjId":    UseParentProjId,
+		"ReservedExt2":       ReservedExt2,
+	}
+	/*
+		AttrValueNameMap contains a mapping of attribute flags to their names (as designated by this package).
+		Note the oddball here, BtreeFmt and HashIdxDir are actually the same value, so be forewarned.
+	*/
+	AttrValueNameMap map[uint32]string = map[uint32]string{
+		SecureDelete:       "SecureDelete",
+		UnDelete:           "UnDelete",
+		CompressFile:       "CompressFile",
+		SyncUpdatechattr:   "SyncUpdatechattr",
+		Immutable:          "Immutable",
+		AppendOnly:         "AppendOnly",
+		NoDumpFile:         "NoDumpFile",
+		NoUpdateAtime:      "NoUpdateAtime",
+		IsDirty:            "IsDirty",
+		CompressedClusters: "CompressedClusters",
+		NoCompress:         "NoCompress",
+		EncFile:            "EncFile",
+		BtreeFmt:           "BtreeFmt|HashIdxDir", // Well THIS is silly and seems like an oversight. Both FS_BTREE_FL and FS_INDEX_FL have the same flag. Confirmed in kernel source.
+		AfsDir:             "AfsDir",
+		ReservedExt3:       "ReservedExt3",
+		NoMergeTail:        "NoMergeTail",
+		DirSync:            "DirSync",
+		DirTop:             "DirTop",
+		ReservedExt4a:      "ReservedExt4a",
+		Extents:            "Extents",
+		LargeEaInode:       "LargeEaInode",
+		ReservedExt4b:      "ReservedExt4b",
+		NoCOWFile:          "NoCOWFile",
+		ReservedExt4c:      "ReservedExt4c",
+		UseParentProjId:    "UseParentProjId",
+		ReservedExt2:       "ReservedExt2",
+	}
+)

fsutils/funcs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package fsutils
+
+import (
+	`os`
+	`reflect`
+
+	`github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr`
+	`r00t2.io/sysutils/paths`
+)
+
+func GetAttrs(path string) (attrs *FsAttrs, err error) {
+
+	var f *os.File
+	var evalAttrs FsAttrs
+	var attrVal uint32
+	var reflectVal reflect.Value
+	var field reflect.Value
+	var myPath string = path
+
+	if err = paths.RealPath(&myPath); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if f, err = os.Open(myPath); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	reflectVal = reflect.ValueOf(&evalAttrs).Elem()
+
+	if attrVal, err = chattr.GetAttrs(f); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for attrNm, attrInt := range AttrNameValueMap {
+		field = reflectVal.FieldByName(attrNm)
+		field.SetBool((attrVal & attrInt) != 0)
+	}
+
+	attrs = new(FsAttrs)
+	*attrs = evalAttrs
+
+	return
+}

fsutils/funcs_fsattrs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package fsutils
+
+import (
+	`os`
+	`reflect`
+
+	`github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr`
+	`r00t2.io/sysutils/paths`
+)
+
+func (f *FsAttrs) Apply(path string) (err error) {
+
+	var file *os.File
+	var reflectVal reflect.Value
+	var fieldVal reflect.Value
+
+	var myPath string = path
+
+	if err = paths.RealPath(&myPath); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if file, err = os.Open(myPath); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	reflectVal = reflect.ValueOf(*f)
+
+	for attrNm, attrVal := range AttrNameValueMap {
+		fieldVal = reflectVal.FieldByName(attrNm)
+		if fieldVal.Bool() {
+			if err = chattr.SetAttr(file, attrVal); err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		} else {
+			if err = chattr.UnsetAttr(file, attrVal); err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}

fsutils/funcs_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package fsutils
+
+import (
+	`errors`
+	`fmt`
+	`os`
+	`os/user`
+	`testing`
+
+	`r00t2.io/sysutils/paths`
+)
+
+var (
+	testFilename   string = "testfile"
+	testErrBadUser error  = errors.New("test must be run as root, on Linux")
+)
+
+func testChkUser() (err error) {
+	var u *user.User
+
+	if u, err = user.Current(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if u.Uid != "0" {
+		err = testErrBadUser
+		return
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func TestSetAttrs(t *testing.T) {
+
+	var err error
+	var attrs *FsAttrs
+
+	if attrs, err = GetAttrs(testFilename); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to get attrs for %v: %v", testFilename, err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("Attrs for %v:\n%#v", testFilename, attrs)
+	attrs.CompressFile = true
+	if err = attrs.Apply(testFilename); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to apply attrs to %v: %v", testFilename, err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("Applied new attrs to %v:\n%#v", testFilename, attrs)
+}
+
+func TestMain(t *testing.M) {
+
+	var err error
+	var rslt int
+
+	if err = testChkUser(); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	if err = paths.RealPath(&testFilename); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+		os.Exit(2)
+	}
+	if err = os.WriteFile(testFilename, []byte("This is a test file."), 0o0644); err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+		os.Exit(3)
+	}
+
+	rslt = t.Run()
+
+	if err = os.Remove(testFilename); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Failed to remove test file %v: %v", testFilename, err)
+	}
+	os.Exit(rslt)
+}

fsutils/types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package fsutils
+
+// FsAttrs is a convenience struct around github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr.
+type FsAttrs struct {
+	SecureDelete       bool
+	UnDelete           bool
+	CompressFile       bool
+	SyncUpdatechattr   bool
+	Immutable          bool
+	AppendOnly         bool
+	NoDumpFile         bool
+	NoUpdateAtime      bool
+	IsDirty            bool
+	CompressedClusters bool
+	NoCompress         bool
+	EncFile            bool
+	BtreeFmt           bool
+	HashIdxDir         bool
+	AfsDir             bool
+	ReservedExt3       bool
+	NoMergeTail        bool
+	DirSync            bool
+	DirTop             bool
+	ReservedExt4a      bool
+	Extents            bool
+	LargeEaInode       bool
+	ReservedExt4b      bool
+	NoCOWFile          bool
+	ReservedExt4c      bool
+	UseParentProjId    bool
+	ReservedExt2       bool
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
 module r00t2.io/sysutils
 
-go 1.16
+go 1.21
+
+require github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr v1.0.1
+
+// Pending https://github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr/pull/3
+replace github.com/g0rbe/go-chattr => github.com/johnnybubonic/go-chattr v0.0.0-20240126141003-459f46177b13

go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+github.com/johnnybubonic/go-chattr v0.0.0-20240126141003-459f46177b13 h1:tgEbuE4bNVjaCWWIB1u9lDzGqH/ZdBTg33+4vNW2rjg=
+github.com/johnnybubonic/go-chattr v0.0.0-20240126141003-459f46177b13/go.mod h1:yQc6VPJfpDDC1g+W2t47+yYmzBNioax/GLiyJ25/IOs=

paths/funcs.go

@@ -82,10 +82,81 @@ func ExpandHome(path *string) (err error) {
 	return
 }
 
+/*
+	GetFirst is the file equivalent of envs.GetFirst.
+
+	It iterates through paths, normalizing them along the way
+	(so abstracted paths such as ~/foo/bar.txt and relative paths
+	such as bar/baz.txt will still work), and returns the content
+	of the first found existing file. If the first found path
+	is a directory, content will be nil but isDir will be true
+	(as will ok).
+
+	If no path exists, ok will be false.
+
+	As always, results are not guaranteed due to permissions, etc.
+	potentially returning an inaccurate result.
+
+	This is a thin wrapper around GetFirstWithRef.
+*/
+func GetFirst(paths []string) (content []byte, isDir, ok bool) {
+
+	content, isDir, ok, _ = GetFirstWithRef(paths)
+
+	return
+}
+
+/*
+	GetFirstWithRef is the file equivalent of envs.GetFirstWithRef.
+
+	It behaves exactly like GetFirst, but with an additional returned value, idx,
+	which specifies the index in paths in which a path was found.
+
+	As always, results are not guaranteed due to permissions, etc.
+	potentially returning an inaccurate result.
+*/
+func GetFirstWithRef(paths []string) (content []byte, isDir, ok bool, idx int) {
+
+	var locPaths []string
+	var exists bool
+	var stat os.FileInfo
+	var err error
+
+	idx = -1
+	// We have to be a little less cavalier about this.
+	if paths == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	locPaths = make([]string, len(paths))
+	locPaths = paths[:] // Create an explicit copy so we don't modify paths.
+	for i, p := range locPaths {
+		if exists, stat, err = RealPathExistsStat(&p); err != nil {
+			err = nil
+			continue
+		}
+		if !exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		isDir = stat.IsDir()
+		if !isDir {
+			if content, err = os.ReadFile(p); err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		ok = true
+		idx = i
+		return
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
 /*
 MakeDirIfNotExist will create a directory at a given path if it doesn't exist.
 
 See also the documentation for RealPath.
+
+This is a bit more sane option than os.MkdirAll as it will normalize paths a little better.
 */
 func MakeDirIfNotExist(path string) (err error) {